Backup data between servers

Step-by-Step Guide on now to backup data between servers

rsync

1. Copy one directory via ssh

rsync -a --delete --quiet -e ssh /folder user@host:/location/of/backup

2. Copy the entire system

rsync -aAXv --exclude={"/dev/*","/proc/*","/sys/*","/tmp/*","/run/*","/mnt/*","/media/*","/lost+found"} / /backup

3. Perform full cloning

rsync -qaHAXS SOURCE_DIR DESTINATION_DIR

-H, --hard-links keeps hard links
-A, --acls save the ACL (implies -p)
-X, -xattrs save extended attributes
-S, --sparse effectively handles sparse files

dd

4. Clone an entire disk

dd if=/dev/sdX of=/dev/sdY bs=64K conv=noerror,sync status=progress

ssh server1 'dd if=/some/file' | ssh server2 'dd of=/new/file/path'